Steve Newcomb, Educator, Writer and Lecturer and Dr. Toni Castanha of the Indigenous People of the Caribbean based in Hawaii Nation. 

Part 1: Appeal to the Vatican and Pope Benedict: A Historical Review of the Papal Bull of 1493

On November 28, 1998, Pope John Paul II called "Christianity's 2000th anniversary a year of mercy," and as reported by the Associated Press, he said "the church will seek forgiveness," "atonement," and that he "wants the church to enter the third millennium with a clear conscience." 

Indigenous Peoples everywhere called upon Pope John Paul II to revoke the 1493 Bull "Inter Caetera." in 1998. This was an initiative that would be a spiritually significant step towards creating a new way of life, and a step away from the greed and subjugation in a history that has oppressed, exploited and destroyed countless numbers of Indigenous Peoples throughout the world. 

The Bull "Inter Caetera," like many other edicts issued before it by the Vatican, established Christian dominion and subjugation of non-Christian peoples and their lands. It has yet to be revoked. 

Part 2: The Papal Bull and Recent Developments in Indian Country 

During 1990's may indigenous people called upon the Pope John Paul to revoke the 1493 declaration. What has happened since then and what  the United Nations and Other Indigenous Nations calling for and the implications it has  on the first peoples of the Hemisphere will be discussed. How the history of international law has been used to colonized Indigenous peoples and annihilate our rights around the world in 500 years and counting.